Carburetor



G. I. MAYER.

CAHBURETOR. APPLICATION man MAR 23, 1916.

` Patented Apr. 25 1922. I

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all H ad G. 1.,'MA'YER.

CAHBURETO'R. APPLICATION FILED MAR 23, 1916.

1,414,035. I Patented ApI-..25,A 1922. y

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Specification of Letters Ivatent.

Application led March 23, 1316; Serial No. 86,115.

To all whom t mayv concern.'

Be it known that I, GODFRIED J. MAYER, a

'citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in C'arburetors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carburetors for mixing air and volatile liquid'fuel, such as gasoline, for use in explosive engines.

In carburetors of this type, provision has been made for vaporizing the liquid f uel and mixing it with the proper proportion of air; but it has been found thatwhen running an engine at a low speed and the throttle valve-with which carburetors are invariably providedis opened quickly to sud-- denly increase the velocityof the engine, considerable more air is drawn into the engine than fuel vapor, and the proportions otherwise maintained between the vapor and air is completely disturbed, with the result that the ignition in the engine is irregular,

duel to the rariiedf mixture drawn into the engine.

It is the purpose of my invention to provide a carburetor that will maintain the g proper proportion of air and gasoline at all times, regardless of the conditions under which the engine is run, and particularly to the end that at the time the throttle valve is quickly opened when the engine is running at low or moderate speed, an additional and independent charge of the volatile fuel is drawn into the carburetor to maintain the proportion or approximately the proportion of gasoline to air that is provided for at other times. y

A still further object is to so construct the means provided for supplying the additional chargeof gasoline to be drawn into the carburetor when quickly opening the throttle valve that it may be attached to any of the many forms of carburetors now in use.

lThe invention therefore consists in an attachment for carburetors whereby an addil tional charge of gasoline is fed to the engine when quickly opening the throttle valve so' as to maintain the proper proportion of air and gasoline under such conditions as well as under other running conditions of the scribed, whether formed therewith or at- 'ratentea Api-.25, i922.

tached thereto, and it also'consists in the Y novel features of construction and arrangement and combination of parts to-be herein# after described and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.

In the drawings,- l

Fig.` 1 is a side elevation of a carburetor equipped with my invention.

F'g. 2 is a plan view ofthe same with the upper section of the carburetor proper removed and of the liquid-fuel feed cham-i ber thereof broken away.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on line a-a, Fig. 2, part of the liquid-fuel chamber being broken away.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on line b-b, Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of the attachment for providing an additional supply of gasoline at certain times.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a carburetor, showing a modification of my invention.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, like reference numerals and characters refer to like parts in the several figures.

The numeral 7 designates a liquid-fuel feed chamber which may be of the float-con trolled type, or any other form for feeding gasoline or other fuel to the carburetor proper,I said carburetor being attached, in this instance, to the fuel feed chamber by a narrow connecting portion 8.

9 designates the carburetor proper, which may be variously formed. In the particular constructionshown a fuel feed passage 10 is formed through th'e connecting portion 8 and connects the interior of the carburetin'gl chamber 9 with the interior of the fuel'feed chamber. An aspirating nozzle 11 is threaded into a boss or extension 12 in the carburetor through which the passage l() is continued. This passage is closed at the endwithin the carbureting chamber by the screw plug 13, and the passage formed in the aspirating nozzle is in direct communication with the passage 10, as at 14. A needle valve 15 may be provided to regulate the flow of gasoline or other liquid-fuel to said nozzle.

Arranged centrally within the carbureting chamber is a tube 16, the lower end of buretor proper is'forined in two sections 18,l

air inlet 23 and a mixture outlet 24, andin the upper section 18 of the casing a throttle valve 25 is arranged which regulates the amount of carbureted air drawn into the engine. It is of course understood that the carburetor nissecured'at its outlet end to the engine or to a part leading to the cylinder or cylinders of the engine and that the suction created by the engine d'r ws the alr into and through the carburetor, also -that the inrushing air has an aspirating effect on the fuel nozzle 11, drawing the fuel from the latter, which fuel is atomized by such action and thoroughly mixed with air in its courseto the mixture outlet. y

When the engine' is running at low speed, the suction is not suflicient to lift the spherical valves 22 from their seats and consequently all the air is drawn through the tube 16. When, however, the speed is increased gradually by the gradual opening of the throttle valve, the suction is sufficient to cause said valves to be lifted by the pressure of the air underneath and consequently an auxiliary supply of air iS drawn through the openings 20, which air mixes with the air and gasoline escaping from thevupper end of the tube 16 and entering the mixing chamber. These spherical valves form no part of my invention, and the'carburetor shown is described merely to make clear the operation of my invention, which may be applied to any form of carburetor, either by forming the same integrally therewith or as an attachment thereto, and to illustrate that no particular construction of carburetor is necessary to the operativeness of my invention I have, in Fig. 6, shown a carburetor of another type in connection with a modification of my invention.

@ne embodiment of my invention 'comprises asecondary or auxiliary nozzle 26 and means associatedtherewith, either Vforming part' of the carburetor or an attachment thereto, whereby anadditional quantity of gasoline or other liquid-fuel is caused to escape and be drawn from said nozzle upon opening the throttle valve, and particularly when opening said valve with a quick mol tion. To accomplish this, the bott'om of the liquid-fuel feed chamber 7 is provided with an opening 27 through which a screw bush* ing 28 is passed that threads into a tubular horizontally-disposed member 29 having tWo tubular members 30. 31 extending upwardly therefrom. The member 30 serves as a cyl- 1nder and the interior thereof is smoothly adapted to reciprocate therein.

reamed for the reception of a plunger 32 The interior of said cylinder is connected with the passage in the tubular member 29 by a portor passage 33, and in the bottom of said cylinder a ball or other suitable valve 34 is located which is adapted to normally close the port or passage 33.

The interior of the tubular member 31 is connected at its lowerend with the interior of the cylinder 30 by a horizontal port or passage 35 and the upper portion thereof is enlarged interiorly, as at 36, to serve as a fuel receptacle or retainer, the upper end of which is closed by a screen The passage 38 extending through the lower portion of the tubular member 31 is closed at its upper ,end by a ball or other valve 39 which is located in the fuel receptacle 36, and the secondary nozzle 26 is threaded into the wall of saidv fuel receptacle at a point slightly above the bottom thereof. The plunger 32 has a plunger rod 40 connected thereto by a ball joint 41, and the upper end of said rod has connection with an arm 42 extending laterally from an actuating leverv 43 secured tothe shaft or spindle 44 of the throttle valve 25.

The gasoline within the cylinder 30 and tubular member 31 is at the level of the gasoline within the liquid-fuel feed chamber 7 since it flows from said chamber through the passage in the tubular member 29, causes the valve 34 to rise from? its seat and enters sage 38 in the lower portion of the. tubular member' 31. The level of the gasoline, however, is at all times beneath the valve 39 so that unless the gasoline is forcibly raised within the member 31 it will not enter the receptacle 36 at the upper end of said member. r

When opening the throttle v'alve gradually, the plunger 32 is caused to lower within the cylinder 30 and the gasoline within the latter is forced upwardly -into the tubular member 31, the ball valve 34 closing against the pressure exerted by said plunger so as to prevent the gasoline within said cylinder being forced back into and through the horizontally-disposed tubular member 29. Since, however, the horizontal port or passage 35 is an unobstructed port or passage, the pressure exerted in the cylinder on the gasoline causes the latter tol by the inrushing air, consequently supplying the otherwise deiciently charged air with the necessary gasoline to maintain the proper proportion` of air and gasoline and assure proper action of the engine. When the throttle valve is opened quickly to in-l crease the speed of the engine the suction becomes increased so'suddenly that the air rushing through the carburetor at increasedv velocity draws the gasoline from the sec- -ondary or auxiliary nozzle 26, and gasoline from the cylinder 30 is supplied to the fuel receptacle or retainer 36 in a proportionately quicktime; l

It is of course understood that at such times, as at all other times when the engine is running, gasoline is drawn from the main 4or primary nozzle 11, but 'with a sudden increase 1n suction, the inrushing airwhich in part passes through the auxiliary -air openings 21-fails to carry the necessarjyT quantity of gasoline into the engine, and consequently, unless supplied with the necessary additional quantity, as provided for by this invention, the mixture entering the engine is rariiied and back-fires or fails to explode, causing the engine to lag and' oftentimes stop entirely.

In Fig. 6, 9a designates the carburetor proper; 7 a the liquid-fuel feed chamber connected thereto; 11"L the aspirating nozzle; 25a the throttle valve, and 43a vthe lever for actuating said throttle valve. In the modifica-tion of my invention shown in this iigure, 31zt designates the tubular memberconnected to the cylinder having the plunger as shown in F ig. 4, and 'the upper end of this tubular member is provided with a -fuel receptacle 36a which may be closed at its upper end by a screen 37a.- This fuel receptacle 4is made somewhat shorter and wider than the fuel receptacle shown in Fig. 4, and it has a secondary or auxiliary nozzle 26a secured thereto. In this. instance, however, the nozzle is bent upwardly within the carburetor casing and liquid-fuel is maintained within said nozzle at the level of the fuel maintained within the receptacle 36a. As thus constructed the fuel cannot flow freely from..the secondary or auxiliary nozzle 26 but is taken up only by the aspirating effect chamber, of a carburetor having a carbureting chamber provided with an air inlet and a mixture outlet, an aspirating element within said carbureting chamber in connection with said fuel supply chamber, a secondary aspirating element opening1 intol said carbureting chamber, a throttle valvefor controlling the flow of the mixture through said chamber, a fuel retainer to which said secondary aspirating element is connected, a cylinder having connection with said fuel retainer and with said fuel supply chamber, a plunger within said cylinder operated in unison with said throttle valve, a valve in said cylinder preventing return of the fuel from4 said cylinder into said fuel supply chamber, and a valve within said fuel retainer preventing the return of the fuel from said retainer into said cylinder.

2. Ina carburetor adapted for connection with an explosive engine, the combination with a fuel supply chamber, of a carbureting chamber having an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a tube within said carbureting chamber. a fuel nozzle extending axially into said tube and having connection with said fuel supply chamber, a throttling device between said tube and said mixture outlet, a secondary fuel nozzle entering said tube at right angles to said first-mentioned fuel nozzle, connection between said second'lary fuel nozzle and said fuel supply chamber independent of said first-mentioned fuel nozzle, and means whereby fuel is drawn into a portion of said last-mentioned connection when operating said throttling device in one direction and whereby said fuel is caused to enter another portion of said connection when operating said throttling device in an opposite direction so as to be drawn from said connection under separate engine impulses, as needed.

3. The combination with a fuel supply chamber, of a carbureting chamber having an air inlet, a lmixture outlet means for carbureting air passing through said carbureting chamber and a throttling device in said mixture outlet, a secondary fuel feed discharging into said carbureting chamber and comprising a horizontal member connected to said fuel supply chamber, two vertical members arranged'side by side, one of said vertical members serving as a pump cylinder and having connection with said horizontal member and lthe other serving as a fuel retainerl and having connection with said cylinder, a plunger within said pump cylinder, and means connected with said throttling. device for actuating said plunger to pump fuel intosaid fuel retainer.

4. The combination with a fuel supply .c chamber and a carbureting chamber `conbureting chamber, and a throttling device in said mixture outlet, of a separate fuel feed device attached to said fuel supply chamber and having a fuel retainer to receive and retain a charge of fuel and an Laspirating element leading from said fuel retainer and opening into said carbureting chamber, said separate fuel feed device including a pump Cylinder and a plunger operating therein, and means connected With the throttling device for operating said plunger to pump fuel from'said fuel vsupply chamber to said fuel retainer and from which it may be discharged through the aspirating element of said separate fuel feed device.

5. In a carburetor, a fuel reservoir in which fuel is maintained at a substantially constant level7 a mixture outlet, a fuel oriice entering said mixture outlet, a fuel duct connectingsaid fuel orifice and said fuel reservoir, means for admitting atmospheric pressure to a point in said fuel duct higher than the level attained in said fuel reser- ,duct

6. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having a float feed chamber and an air passage into which fuel is supplied from the float feed chamber, a vented auxiliary chamber outside the casing, extending above the level of the fuel in the float chamber, and means for supplying fuel to said auxiliary chamber, said auxiliary chamber being provided With an outlet to the air passageway from a point in said chamber above the level of the fuel in the float chamber, so that the fuel is Withdrawn by aspiration from the auxiliarychamber into.the airpassageway independently of the means for supplying the vfuel to the auxiliary chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

GODFRIED J. MAYBE. 

